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Development status of rice mills at home and abroad
Time:2021/11/3 15:05:07
With the growth of the world's population, food production has been elevated to a strategic position. As one of the basic foods, the production and processing of rice is also highly valued by all countries. As a necessary equipment for rice processing, rice mills play a vital role in improving grain utilization. Japan's rice milling technology is in a leading position in the world. Although my country's rice milling machinery is constantly improving and innovating, and some have been in line with international standards, there is still a certain gap between the overall technical level and foreign advanced technology. Technical R&D personnel and rice milling enterprises have been aiming at high efficiency, energy saving, cost reduction, and improvement of rice quality, constantly making up for the shortcomings of existing rice milling machines and adding new design concepts.1 Development status of rice mills at home and abroad
At present, there are many types of rice mills at home and abroad. According to the whitening action, they can be divided into: wipe-off rice mills, milling rice mills and hybrid rice mills, no matter which type of rice milling. The main components of the machine are: feeding device, whitening chamber, discharging device, transmission device, air blowing system and frame.
1.1 Wipe and release rice mill
The wipe-off rice mill uses the friction between the rice grains and the whitening chamber components and between the rice grains and the rice grains to whiten the brown rice. The typical wipe-off rice mill is an iron roller rice mill. The rice grains processed by the iron roller rice mill have the advantages of fine and shiny surface and low starch content in the milled rice bran. However, the pressure of the rice grains in the rice mill is relatively high, and the local pressure will exceed the strength of the rice grains, which is easy to produce broken rice. Therefore, the iron roller rice mill cannot be replaced, and continuous improvement and innovation are needed because of its shortcomings.
The development of the iron roller rice mill in my country started from the improvement of the horizontal iron roller rice mill introduced from the United Kingdom, and it has undergone changes again and again. At present, the commonly used iron roller rice mills in China include horizontal iron roller jet air rice mills and vertical iron roller rice mills. There are many types of iron roller rice mills, but their main components are basically the same. , Are composed of feeding device, white grinding chamber, blowing device, chaff collecting device, transmission device and frame. In addition, some iron roller rice mills are equipped with auxiliary devices, such as the A6 vertical iron roller rice mill, which is not only beautiful in appearance but also equipped with a vacuum cleaner, which can quickly solve the problem of machine blockage and provide a guarantee for the smooth progress of production; MNMP The series iron roller rice milling machine (Figure 1) not only has the characteristics of high output, less fragmentation, and good process effect, but also has a water spray mechanism to perform water milling when needed, which has a good polishing effect.
Foreign iron roller rice mills first originated in Europe. In the 19th century, Japan began to use iron roller rice mills and developed rapidly. At present, the VBF7B-C/MC vertical iron roller rice mill produced in Japan (Figure 2) has the same main components as domestic ones, but it sets the feeding device at the bottom of the whitening chamber and the discharging device in the whitening chamber. On the upper part, its unique design is very beneficial for the rice milling unit to process polished rice, eliminating the need for intermediate material conveying equipment and reducing the damage to the rice grains during the conveying process. In addition, the iron roller and rice sieve of the whitening chamber adopt a split structure, which is easy to disassemble and assemble. When this type of rice mill is working, the gravity effect is opposite to the direction of the movement of the rice flow, which increases the density of rice grains in the whitening chamber, and the rice grains are evenly distributed across the cross section of the whitening chamber, so it has a good whitening effect.
1.2 Milling rice mill
Milling rice mills use high-speed rotating rollers coated with emery grains to mill brown rice to achieve the whitening effect. The typical emery roller rice mill is an emery roller. The rice milling process of this type of rice mill produces less broken rice, but the rice bran that is milled contains more starch, and the precision of the finished rice is uneven. Therefore, in the rice milling process, the emery roller rice mill is generally used to break the roughness. Ensure the smooth progress of the next process.
Domestic emery roller rice mills have developed rapidly, and traditional rice mills have been continuously improved and innovated, such as the NF type rotary screen jet rice mill. The whitening chamber adopts a cantilever structure. The emery roller, due to the combined action of the emery roller and the hexagonal rotary sieve, makes the rice grains tumble, the rice grains are more likely to be crushed, and the whitening effect is better. The "waterfall" type new rice mill developed by Muyang Group eliminates the screw conveyor parts of the feeding device. After the material enters the whitening chamber by its own gravity, the length of the emery roller contacts the material at the same time. The feeding method is the same as that of the hulling. The machine's dripping method is similar, which avoids the phenomenon of local excessive wear of the emery rollers, and improves the inconsistent wear of the emery rollers of the traditional emery roller rice milling machine, and the phenomenon of wasting materials. In addition, the machine uses four rollers to work at the same time, and the four rollers are arranged in an S-shape from top to bottom, which greatly improves the production efficiency. As the global industry develops towards intelligence, the rice milling industry is no exception. The MNMD65 high-performance energy-saving rice mill passed the appraisal in 2011. The structure of the milling chamber is unique and innovative. The annular sanding belt is used as the main working part, and the rice milling process is intelligently automated. control.
In addition to the horizontal and vertical emery roller rice mills in China, the MNMS25D strong wind oblique emery roller rice mill (Figure 3) developed by Changzhou, Jiangsu, specializes in unraveling and whitening of brown rice. It has reliable performance, beautiful appearance, and convenient operation. The inclined whitening chamber makes the machine have high output, less crushing, and more adequate chaff discharging.
Abroad, the VTA7A-C vertical emery roller rice mill (Figure 4) produced by Satake, Japan is the most representative. Its main structure is basically the same as that in China, including feeding device, whitening chamber, discharging device, and air suction device. , Transmission device, frame and other parts. The main shaft is supported by a cantilever, and the transmission parts are located under the whitening chamber. The sand roller can be easily drawn out from the top of the machine; the screen is designed to be taken out from the side of the machine. Without removing the machine frame, the screen can be replaced quickly and easily; the whitening chamber is almost It is twice the whitening area of traditional equipment, and the machine occupies a small area and has high output. There is a rotary discharger in the lower part of the whitening chamber, which helps the rice bran to be discharged out of the machine smoothly.
1.3 Hybrid rice mill
The hybrid rice mill combines the advantages of the wipe-off rice mill and the mill rice mill, and has a better process effect. The horizontal NS type spiral groove emery roller rice mill commonly used in our country has a structure of upper sand and lower iron. The rice grains of the emery roller gradually become thinner and softer from the inlet end to the outlet end, so that the volume is reduced. The rice grains will not be over-milled. The rice grains coming out of the sand roller whitening room will then enter the iron roller whitening room for fine grinding, so that the processed rice grains are bright in color and have less broken rice. The MNML series vertical double-roll rice milling machine (Figure 5) is characterized by low feeding and high discharging, and the use of a suction system to absorb the bran and reduce the rice temperature. It has the characteristics of uniform whitening, less broken rice, and high rice output rate.
Abroad Japan Satake developed a new hybrid rice mill SAFF3G Hybrid rice mill (Figure 6), using a unique design form of one machine and three rollers (sand-iron-iron), compact structure, convenient maintenance and energy saving The effect of removing bran is good, achieving the effect of one machine with multiple functions. Recently, a new hybrid VBW5A rice mill was introduced. Its design is based on the concept of integrating the sand roller and the iron roller rice machine. The iron roller is organically integrated into the sand roller, so that the rice is grinded by the sand roller while the iron roller is rubbed, thereby realizing the sand and the iron roller. The organic parallel connection of the machines greatly saves processing time and cost.
2 Conclusion
Throughout the development of rice mills in the world, rice mills are constantly improving and innovating, and generations of rice mills are constantly coming out. The purpose is to improve work efficiency, output, rice quality, and save energy, reduce the rate of broken rice, and save. Resources, reduce costs, and ultimately solve the problem of human food. Although the technology of rice milling machines at home and abroad is mature, there are still shortcomings. Science and technology are advancing, and the development of rice mills will not stop. The development of rice mills will continue to advance with the increasing material and cultural needs of people.
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